it is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. many of the leading businessmen of pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the very threshold of their career. they were introduced to the broom, and spent the first hours of their business lives sweeping out the office. i notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately miss that salutary branch of business education. but if by chance the professional sweeper is absent any morning, the boy who has the genius of the future partner in him will not hesitate to try his hand at the broom. the other day a fond fashionable mother in michigan asked a young man whether he had ever seen a lady sweep in a room so grandly as her priscilla. he said no, he never had ,and the mother was gratified beyond measure, but then said he ,after a pause, “what i should like to see her do is sweep out a room” it does not hurt the newest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. i was one of those sweepers myself.
assuming that you have all obtained employment and are fairly started, my advice to you is “aim high”. i would not give a fig for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm. do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk, or foreman, or general manager in any concern, no matter how extensive. say to yourself ，“my place is at the top.” be king in your dreams.
and here is the prime condition of success, the great secret: concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. having begun in one line, resolve to fight it out on that line, to lead in it, adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it.
the concerns which fail are those which have scattered their capital, which means that they have scattered their brains also. they have investments in this, or that, or the other, here there, and everywhere. “don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” is all wrong. i tell you to “put all your eggs in one basket, and then watch that basket.” look round you and take notice, men who do that not often fail. it is easy to watch and carry the one basket. it is trying to carry too many baskets，which break most eggs in this country. he who carries three baskets must put one on his head, which is apt to tumble and trip him up. one fault of the american businessman is lack of concentration.
to summarize what i have said: aim for the highest; never enter a bar room; do not touch liquor, or if at all only at meals; never speculate; never indorse beyond your surplus cash fund; make the firm’s interest yours; break orders always to save owners; concentrate; put all your eggs in one basket, and watch that basket; expenditure always within revenue; lastly, be not impatient, for as emerson says, “no one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves.”
年轻人应该从头学起，担当最基层的职务，这是件好事。匹兹堡有许多大企业家在创业之初都肩负过重任。他们与扫帚结伴，以清扫办公室度过了企业生涯的最初时光。我注意到现在的办公室都配备了工友，这使我们的年轻人不幸丢掉了这个有益的企业教育的一个内容。不过，如果哪一天早晨清扫工碰巧没来，某位具有未来合伙人气质的青年就会毫不犹豫试着拿起扫帚。有一天，以为溺爱孩子的，时髦的密歇根母亲问一位男青年，是否见过像她的女儿普里希拉那样的年轻女郎如此潇洒地在房间里进行打扫。男青年说从未见过，那位母亲高兴的乐不可支。但男青年顿了顿又说: “我想看到的是她能在室外进行打扫”。如果有必要，新来者在办公室外进行打扫并没有什么损失。我本人就曾经是打扫人之一。共2页，当前第1页12
